In the real world only a small minority even use NFSv4 and that mostly for the figleaf of encryption via (yuck!) Kerberos. As a (too) long time storage industry person, I have hard numbers on this.
AWS's EFS is mounted with NFSv4 on Linux instances. Had to fight against race conditions between clients recently (per client directory caches,) but that's a feature of NFS, not specifically v4.
It's primarily a corporate-level thing, but just as Windows has a strong set of ACLs that people at home ignore, it could be the same scenario on Linux.
Everyone who uses systemd. Try it yourself: do a getfacl on the files inside /var/log/journal on a system with persistent logging enabled (if it's disabled, these files will be at /run/log/journal instead).
Not really. Linux supports "old" posix ACLs and chungy is complaining that it doesn't support "new" rich ACLs. My point is why bother upgrading a feature that no one uses.
I think "no one" is a fairly tall claim: They are well-used on all the operating systems that do support them.
Mind also, "old POSIX ACLs" came from a POSIX draft: they never made it into POSIX. While being an extremely simple expansion of the Unix modes, they are only ever additive and do not support fine-grained permissions that NFSv4 allows for. They're sometimes better than the standard mode bits, but they very often come up short of being useful in the real world.