I never understood why you would need to compile frontend javascript code. Yea maybe a minimizer, obfuscator, some coping etc during a build process. But thats it.
My frontend apps are running on the fly. Change in code requires a save and browser refresh. No ammoying compiling .
Well, there're things like React's JSX, CoffeeScript, TypeScript and all of the fricking Babel stuff, all require some kind of transpiling (or how babel names it, compiling), and probably that is what OP means.